Wednesday, February 7, 2024
Tuesday, February 6, 2024
Monday, February 5, 2024
Mt. Pleasant History Tour ~~~
Sunday, February 4, 2024
What Is A Troy Laundry ?


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A history of the development of the steam laundry industry from the first commercial laundries in the 1840s to their decline in the 1930s. Historian Arwen Mohun argues that the trajectory was shaped within the constraints of what was technologically possible and culturally acceptable. Rising standards of cleanliness, new kinds of machinery, and an increasingly polluted urban environment provided the context for the industry's emergence. The shortcomings of applying factory methods to washing clothes, increased regulation, and rising costs of labour encouraged consumers to abandon laundries for newly available alternatives - electric washing machines and irons - a century later. By comparing this process in Britain and the USA, Mohun reveals differences created by culture, regulation, and social structures. She also shows the unexpected transatlantic character of this seemingly localized kind of business. The text tells the stories of people: exploited but fiesty laundryworkers and the work culture they created; would-be entrepreneurs seeking easy success but finding instead imperfect technology; narrow profit margins, and unco-operative consumers; and reformers who entered laundries in the guise of workers, later using that experience of heat, monotony and danger to argue for regulation. This is a study of the technological, cultural, business and labour dimensions of an important and virtually unstudied industry.
Saturday, February 3, 2024
DONKEY IN THE STRAW ~~~~ SAGA OF THE SANPITCH ~~~ NORMA S. WANLASS ~ First Place Short Story ―
Git up here, you stubborn, lop-eared jackass, you, a hoarse, half-whispered command forced its way out through clenched teeth as Will Arthur Cox tugged on the rope to get the donkey up on top of the straw stack. The object of this indignity was the property of a would-be suitor who had traveled from Nephi to court some young Manti girl. That night he had chosen to heap his attention on one of the Cox sisters, but their mothers had decided that they would all be favored, and they had spent most of the afternoon trying to make themselves the most attractive. Ed‘s toes dragged along on the ground as he rode toward the younger sisters who stood watching him close the gap between them. Of course, the older ones busied themselves nonchalantly about the dooryard while Ed grinned broadly and waved vigorously toward them.
The Indians had raided the settlement of Nephi a few nights before and had run all their livestock off.
This donkey came wandering home the next day so because it was the only transportation available, he rode it
to Manti.
He arrived in time to help with the evening chores before supper and had earned the wholehearted
approval of the four wives of Father Cox. He planned to sleep with the Barn Crowd in the ―Old Cox Barn for
a couple of nights before returning experience on his trip to Nephi, but now he was the center of a spellbound
audience as he told of his experiences on his trip to the Missouri River for immigrants. The girls had to know
what the latest fashions were. Did style call for hair piled on top of their heads or worn long? What were the
latest dance steps? Could he remember the popular songs they were singing in St. Louis now?
Ed told them what he had observed and then he added, ―"Hell, they‘re just girls, the same as you are". The girls giggled and Louisa replied, ―
I‘ll wager their hands aren‘t as rough and calloused as ours are,
anyway". The boys had decided to play a trick on Ed because they were being too totally ignored.
While he was receiving all the attention they were shoving and pulling, dragging and heaving his donkey up to the top of the straw stack by the barn. ―Black Hawk probably bribed this stupid, onery mule to return home Hase Clark snorted. I wonder why they didn‘t kill it and be done with it.
When the donkey was up on the stack they tied it to a shed post and put an oxbow across its shoulder, then mounted a sack stuffed with straw on its back and left it for the night.
Ed left the Big House at about nine o‘clock and walked quickly to the barn. He was thinking about Lavinia‘s brown eyes, Emmrette‘s tiny waist, Adelaide‘s beautiful long hair—and what a flirt Rosalia was. When he came to Manti again he would have to pay special attention to Louisa. She was quite stand-offish. Emily, Sarah Ann, and Esther were really cute, but he guessed they were a little too young.
As he walked into the barn a bullet was fired at a know in the rafters above him and he dropped to the floor instantly, whipping his gun out on his way down. Then he heard the snicker of the fellows and he moved forward to be introduced to them. There was Fred, Jr., Will Arthur, John Hall, Ezra Shoemaker, Haslam Clark, Joe Snow, Elias DeMille, Alma Beal, William Richey, George Pectol, Titus Billings Heber Petty, Frank Beal, Gardner Snow, Luther T. Tuttle, Andrew Van Buren. Marriage and death were the only acceptable reasons for getting out of the Barn Crowd.
Winter and Summer, they slept with their clothes on and their six-shooters strapped to their waists, ready for any emergency or duty. Will Arthur claimed he had slept in the barn for seven years.
Half past midnight they heard some cussing and swearing outside. Cautiously, Will Arthur made his way to a guard post and he saw Hebe Petty slipping and sliding up out of the creek. He had had a little too much whiskey and had slipped off the bridge into the icy water below. His clothes were frozen stiff, his teeth chattered, and he was shaking with cold. Will and Ed went after him and put him in bed between them to thaw him out. First he was wet and miserable, then he was sick to his stomach, then he was humble and penitent.
No one got any sleep that night! Early in the morning, Ed went to get his donkey. No donkey! He knew it couldn‘t have gone very far because he had hobbled it when he turned it loose. He checked with the settlers close by. He looked inside the fort walls a block away. He searched through a sailor's glass (telescope), from the slate hill to the north, swinging it around slowly. Still no stray donkey! When he got back to the Cox home he asked, ―"Will, can you go with me and show me a few of the places that ornery cuss might be hid up?" Will pondered. "Well, I really can‘t afford the time to just go looking, but I‘ll tell you what I‘ll do. I‘ve got to bring a load of firewood out of the mountains today while the Indians are wintering down south. If you want to go with me, we‘ll keep a close vigil for that animal while we‘re gone". Well, I guess that‘s the way it‘ll have to be". Ed remarked.
Late that afternoon as Will and Ed rode into the year on top of the wood; Ed spotted the donkey up on
the straw stack, silhouetted against the cold gray sky, bearing the oxbow and straw-stuffed sack valiantly.
Ed turned to Will and said, "Will, have you known about this all day?"
"I can‘t honestly say I haven‘t," Will answered,
"But I do know this, I sure got a good day's work out of
you while we were on the lookout for the ornery cuss, and I want to thank you".
Ed jumped off the wood immediately and went to bring the donkey down. He found a partly filled tub of water so he knew the family was in on the trick too, or had learned about it during the day. He didn‘t stay to solicit the attention of the girls after supper, and he took the ribbing of the Barn Crowd good-naturedly, but he was gone in the morning before anyone stirred—without saying goodbye.
Emily cried. She was the soft-hearted one of the family. ―"Well, Will drawled, ―I guess we were a little rough on him. Next time I see Ed I‘ll have to apologize".
Source: Taken from an Auto-biography written by Will Arthur Cox. WE’LL TAKE CARE OF YOU Edith Allred Price, Utah
JAMES HANSEN AND JOHN WALDEMAR ~~~ VIOLIN CONTEST
It was the year 1880, Mt. Pleasant saints were having the greatest 24th of July celebration they had ever had. It was to be held in the bowery with songs, recitation, and orations. But the crowning glory and most exciting part of the program was a contest between Mt. Pleasant's two musicians playing violins. John Waldemar and James Hansen were the contestants. John was also a well-trained and outstanding violinist.
John lived with his family on his farm several miles north of Mt. Pleasant city limits. James lived with his family in the large home on Main Street. He was a very serious man, but he could be jolly. This mood came to him only when he did the thing he loved best and which he could do best--his music, more especially his violin. John made his brags to James. He had new music that he was perfecting for the contest. This was depressing to James. New music for this frontier country was unheard of. He had used all the music and melodies that he had brought with him from the old country.
Then an idea struck this Danish musician. It was a long way to the Waldemar farm, but that would not stop him. On the evening when James felt that John's farm work was finished and he would be practicing, he rode his horse to the Waldemar farm. He crawled close to the open window where he could hear the beautiful violin music filling the air. Intently he listened until he heard John close his violin case.
Upon returning to his own home, his remarkable ear and memory let him play John's beautiful new tune.
To make himself sure, he returned several nights. Soon he knew he could play the melody better than John could. He then went to work on John's music. He used his Danish training until his piece was presentable.
With much excitement, the great day arrived. Everyone in the hamlet attended. Everyone was excited about the contest. The audience's applause would declare the winner. The violinists drew cuts who should be first. It was John. Before the tense crowd, standing erect, John Waldemar began to play. His beautiful new music filled the bowery. Women used their handkerchiefs as the melody flowed on. How could any music excel at John's!
James Hansen stepped to the platform. Silence filled the bowery. He lifted the instrument to his shoulder. With his right arm outstretched, he clutched the bow with his beautiful white hand. deftly he let it slide over the strings while the long fingers of his left hand precisely pressed them. What music! It was John's melody only in a haunting minor key enhanced by the vibrato of James' left hand. Then the mood changed. It was John's melody in a vivacious Danish polka, so rhythmical it was hard for the saints to keep their feet from stamping. After returning to John's theme, James turned the music into a scherzo, a waltz with a brilliant pizzicato, finishing with a Danish mazurka.
The bowery rang with applause. There were whoops and hollers, with hats flying in the air, to the very hills. James had won the day! His innate ability, coupled with the training acquired in Denmark, won for him the coveted prize- - - - the esteem of his fellow saints.
The friendship of the two musicians was not changed, but never again did John Waldemar make brags before James Hansen.
Sent in by Evelyn Ireland
Thursday, February 1, 2024
John Carlos Wilcox And Eliza Violet Westwood Wilcox ~~~~~ Pioneers of the Month ~~~ January 2024
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| Back Row: John Carlos Jr., John Carlos Sr., Eliza Violet Westwood Wilcox, |
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| John Carlos Wilcox |
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| Wilcox Siblings |
Richard Dallin Westwood - Chasing Horse Thieves West of Green River
Sheriff Jesse Tyler and posse consisting of Andrew Tangren J C Wilcox Herbert Day William Wilson and R D Westwood returned from a 12 day trip chasing horse thieves in the San Rafael country west of Green River They brought back two stolen horses but no horse thieves They had a run in with two supposed rustlers in the Robbers Roost country About a hundred shots were filed by both sides but no damage so far as was known The sheriff's party ran out of ammunition and withdrew Looking Backward Through the files and the Ties
Wednesday, January 31, 2024
THEY LOVED THEIR BIKUBEN
Originally shared by Sam Stewart
More References to the Mormon Bikuben
Andrew Jensen and the Mormon Bikuben (Beehive)
From this modest beginning his historical works started to increase greatly. His next work was to assist in the publication of the Danish-Norwegian paper Bikuben (Beehive). This work was interrupted by another call to a mission in Denmark. While there, following the death of the mission president, Andrew served as president for a brief period of time. Following his return, Jenson continued his work in providing Scandinavian Latter-day Saints with the history of the Church by publishing Morgenstjernen (Morning Star). As was his first venture, this work was possible because he sold subscriptions in advance of publication. Although sales ofMorgenstjernen grew steadily, it was not enthusiastically received by all the Scandinavian Saints. https://rsc.byu.edu/archived/supporting-saints-life-stories-nineteenth-century-mormons/4-andrew-jenson-zealous-chronolog
DANISH IMMIGRATION AND LIFE IN UTAH
Denmark supplied more immigrants to Utah in the nineteenth century than any other country except Great Britain. Most of these Danes--nearly 17,000--were converts to the LDS Church, heeding an urgent millennialistic call to gather to "Zion."
Generally, Danes were relatively slow to respond to the enticements of America. But the stirrings of the revolutionary year 1848 left Denmark with a liberal constitution (1849) providing for freedom of religion, without the repressive backlash that numbed much of the rest of Europe. This was fertile soil for Mormon proselytizing, initiated in 1850 by Erastus Snow and three fellow believers--a Dane, a Swede, and an American. Benefiting from religious awakenings kindled by Baptists, Methodists, and reformers within the Lutheran state church, the Latter-day Saints also moved forward on their own in less-traveled byways, particularly in northern Jutland. A key to their success was the cadre of enthusiastic young local recruits--many of them journeyman artisans--who soon devoted their full energy to proclaiming the Mormon message. A significant part of that message was the doctrine of the gathering. Thus Danish Latter-day Saints were in the vanguard of emigration from their homeland to the United States.
Danish emigration to Utah began January 31, 1852, when a group of nine Mormons left Copenhagen for Hamburg, continued by steamer to England, and eventually sailed from Liverpool with nineteen additional Danes who joined them there under the leadership of Erastus Snow. Arriving in New Orleans, they traveled by river steamboat up the Mississippi and Missouri Rivers to present-day Council Bluffs, where they joined a larger company of Mormon emigrants for the overland journey to Utah. It took these first Danish emigrants nine months to reach Salt Lake City; thousands who followed took much the same route. New Orleans was the American port of entry until New York and other eastern ports supplanted it in 1855. A few companies sailed directly from Hamburg to America.
Scandinavian converts traveled together, often as part of larger companies including British LDS emigrants, on ships chartered by Mormon agents. After travel by rail or river steamboat, immigrants reached a frontier outfitting post where arrangements were made for their final overland trek to Utah. Beginning in 1869 steam powered the entire journey to Utah, by ship and by rail.
The peak of Danish emigration to Utah came in the years 1862 and 1863, when tensions in Europe were reaching a boiling point over Denmark's attempted annexation of Schleswig, and while the Civil War raged in the United States. In those two years alone nearly 2,000 Mormons emigrated from Denmark, the vast majority destined for Utah. Some, subject to military service, were leaving to avoid becoming cannon fodder in Denmark's armed conflict that would soon break out with Prussia and Austria.
The heaviest Danish Mormon immigration came during the first formative quarter-century of the Latter-day Saint settlement of Utah. No exclusively Danish communities were established, although the village of Mantua in Box Elder County was predominantly Danish in its earliest years. Danes played particularly significant roles in the settlement of Box Elder and Cache counties in the north and of Sanpete and Sevier counties in the south. Sanpete County's Danish-born residents made up twenty-four percent of its population in 1870; with their children born in Utah they were undoubtedly more than one-third of the county's population. One-third of all the Danes in Utah were located in Sanpete County. Droll Danish humor became part of popular Sanpete folklore. Also in 1870, 10.5 percent of Box Elder County's residents were born in Denmark, as were 7.8 percent of Cache County's residents. Although emigration from Denmark to Utah declined after the 1860s, still 10 percent of the state's population in 1890 either were born in Denmark or had at least one parent born in Denmark. Mormon leaders consistently encouraged assimilation, and many Danish converts began to learn English before emigrating. After reaching Utah, wherever possible, they were asked to participate fully in the activities of local Mormon English-speaking wards (congregations). Still, LDS "Scandinavian Meetings" organizations served as a secondary focal point for religious, social, and cultural activities in the mother tongue. Scandinavians joined forces for outings and reunions, choirs, and dramatic productions. Partly because of the central place the Scandinavian LDS Meetings held among the immigrant community, such organizations as Dansk Broderskab (Danish Brotherhood) enjoyed only limited participation in Utah.
Periodicals in their native language served combined audiences of Danes and Norwegians, and sometimes Swedes as well. The most successful of these was the Danish-Norwegian newspaper Bikuben (The Beehive), published in Salt Lake City from 1876 through 1935 (under LDS Church ownership in later years).
Whether disaffected or in search of economic opportunities, some Danish LDS immigrants originally bound for Utah left their traveling companies in the Midwest, or returned there after experiencing Utah. Many of these were among early settlers of Iowa and Nebraska. After a sojourn in Utah and Idaho in the 1860s, Jens (later James) Borglum and his family settled down in Nebraska, where he became a physician. His son Solon, born in Ogden, became a prominent sculptor, as did son Gutzon, born in southern Idaho, who later created the massive monumental sculpture at Mount Rushmore.
After the coming of the railroad to Utah in 1869 Presbyterians, Methodists, Baptists, and Lutherans established churches and schools in Utah aimed specifically at reclaiming Scandinavians from Mormonism. This became a significant factor in the education of many Danish-American youth and won a limited number of proselytes.
The majority of early Danish immigrants to Utah came from agricultural backgrounds. Among the remainder, artisans outnumbered unskilled laborers. While some had been prosperous and the majority were able to at least pay for the ocean voyage to America, most were relatively poor by the time they reached Utah. Several devoted much of their means to help with the expenses of fellow immigrants.
The number of Danish natives living in Utah peaked in 1900 at 9,132 and then declined gradually as more died than immigrated. Yet as late as 1960, Danes and their children made up one-tenth of the state's "foreign stock"--residents who either were born outside the United States or had at least one parent born outside the US. While the 1980 census estimated that only 998 Utah residents were born in Denmark, 137,941 Utahans had at least one Danish ancestor. Continuing interchange with Denmark was facilitated by a Danish consulate for Utah and Nevada in Salt Lake City.
The influence of Danes on the development of Utah is mirrored only slightly in official place-names. Elsinore, Sevier County, was named after the Danish town housing the legendary castle of Hamlet. Jensen, Uintah County, took its name from Lars Jensen, who built a ferry on the Green River. Danish nicknames were more common in the nineteenth century; Mantua was nicknamed "Little Copenhagen," and several communities were often called "Little Denmark."
Anthony H. Lund (1844-1921), who settled in Sanpete County, was Utah's most prominent Danish-American. An 1862 immigrant, Lund served as a member of Utah's territorial legislature. As counselor in the First Presidency of the LDS Church for twenty years, as Church Historian, and as a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, Lund exerted a significant influence on the development of Utah and of his church.
In his art, poetry, and social criticism C. C. A. Christensen (1831-1912) was a representative spokesperson for Utah's Mormons and Scandinavians. His "Mormon Panorama", a series of historical paintings accompanied by a lecture, memorialized early Mormon history.
Andrew Jenson (1850-1941), a self-taught historian, made major contributions to the preservation of Utah and Mormon history.
Language barriers hindered full participation by many bright and capable Danish immigrants in Utah society. Frederik Ferdinand Samuelsen (1865-1929) emigrated to Utah after serving as a member of the Danish parliament. From 1925 to 1927 he presided over weekly Scandinavian meetings in the Assembly Hall on Temple Square in Salt Lake City. A close friend indicated that Samuelsen was deeply disappointed that his lack of fluency in English precluded his further involvement in public life.
Other Danes were influential in their communities and made significant contributions in their professions or vocations. As long-time bishop in Gunnison (1876-1900), strong-willed Christian A. Madsen (1822-1907) helped shape that town. Sophie Valentine (1861-1940), a poet and author of short stories, served as associate editor of Bikuben. Christian Daniel Fjeldsted (1829-1905) was one of the First Seven Presidents of the Seventies in the LDS Church. Peter W. Madsen (1852-1922) founder of Madsen Furniture Company, was prominent in business affairs in Salt Lake City.
See: William Mulder, Homeward to Zion (1957) and Mulder, "Scandinavian Saga," in Helen Z. Papanikolas, ed., The Peoples of Utah (1976).
Richard L. Jensen
Utah History Encyclopedia p. 178
Tuesday, January 30, 2024
Monday, January 29, 2024
Items Shared by Judy Malkiewicz. (from our archives)
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Dr. Benjamin R. Johnson, C. B. Johnson and Frank F. Pyott practiced in Mt. Pleasant and Sanpete County
The above newspaper article and advertisement were found by Judy Malkiewicz. Thankyou Judy


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Exploring a whole new world of photography for myself. Here’s my first intentional attempt at capturing birds in flight. This is new for me,e with a rough start, expect improvement.






























